By While international trade agreements such as AGOA (African Growth and Opportunity Act) and the recently announced Economic Partnership Agreement between European Union and Southern Africa are positive for the continent and should be encouraged, more emphasis needs to be placed on trade partnerships between African countries to drive seamless intra-Africa trade.
This is according to Charles Brewer, Managing Director of DHL Express Sub Saharan Africa, who said that while progress is slowly being made, insufficient trade agreements exist in order to encourage and drive intra-Africa trade. As a result there tends to be a focus on doing business with regions outside of Africa, such as the United States or China.
A statement released today by DHL said that African countries desperately need to start trading amongst themselves, and that the push for trade agreements should therefore not only be with international trading partners, but amongst African countries too.
“The DHL Global Connectedness Index revealed that Africa is the world’s least connected continent, when considering the ease of moving people, trade, information and finance. All African countries should therefore be focused on developing connectedness on the continent and building trade relationships. From a DHL standpoint, we are focused on making logistics more accessible and connecting Africa, which has resulted in the expansion of our retail footprint to over 3300 outlets in less than 3 years,” said Brewer.
When comparing intra-regional trade statistics, Africa rates amongst the lowest, with less than 20 percent of what is produced in the region staying within the region. This, in essence, means that over 80 percent of what is produced in Africa is exported, mainly to the EU, China and U.S. In comparison, 60 percent of Europe’s trade is with its own continent, and in North America, the figure is 40 percent.
As is well documented, one of the region’s biggest challenge in terms of realizing its trade potential is an underdeveloped infrastructure, but Brewer says that this is slowly improving as several Africa regions continue to invest large amounts of capital into infrastructure development.
“Underdeveloped infrastructure directly impacts the speed at which goods are moved into, out of and across the region. It also drives up logistics costs, and it is estimated that supply chain costs are up to nine times more expensive in Africa in comparison to other regions in the world. These inflated costs also ultimately hamper economic growth in the region,” said Brewer.
Brewer added that while progress on infrastructure development and investment should continue, a push now needs to be made by African countries towards developing and implementing trade agreements which will encourage trade between the regions.
“Angola is the only country in Africa that has a formal and declared de minimus, and whilst all other Sub Saharan Africa countries have informal agreements, the fiscal clearance levels vary greatly. For example, in Tanzania, anything with a value greater than $5 will require formal clearance, which creates an additional administrative burden and potential clearance delays with minimal returns for the government in terms of duty revenues,” said Brewer.
There are examples of countries in Africa taking the necessary steps for trade to be done easier and beneficial to the countries.
“With that said, the situation is improving, and more countries are recognizing that they need to find ways to make their markets accessible and easier to do business with. A great example for the region is Rwanda, who is looking to strip away bureaucracy, remove the red tape and make their country an attractive destination for trade and investment. More African countries need to follow this example, and the region will reap the rewards,” concluded Brewer.